Tussna n tikli n twacult

Asefsex n wassaγ n warcal (zwağ )

Tazwart:

Tameddurt ger wergaz d tmeut izmer ad ilin deg-s aas n wuguren i wumi zemren ad d-afen tifrat s waas n wallalen, ama s wenda  neγ s temlilit ger twacult n tmeut d tin n wargaz akken ad frun ugur-nsen. Ma tikliwin-agi  mea ur ssawent ara γer tifrat, ad yili umsebu d tifrat tanegarut ger wergaz d tmeut.

Yettili-d usefsex n wassaγ n zzwağ s waas n iberdan d wi-gi:

· Berru s lebγi n yiwet n tama (sγur wergaz).

· Berru s umtawa ger wargaz d tmeut.

· Asebru s webrid n cceε.

· Al xulε.

I. Asefsex n wassaγ n zwağ s berru:

1.Tabadut n berru: d asefsex n wassaγ n zwağ isean s wawal ittwasnen neγs wayen d-issawaen anamek n berru ara yerun imir neγ γer zdat.

2. Tamuγli n cceε γures: berru d ayen yegdel ceε maca ittusuref ma terra tmara, inna-d umazzan fell-as taallit n ebbi d slam-is: (berru d lelal i iγuc ebbi)            [Issawe-it-id Abu dawud], ur yettwagdel ara mavi am ayen akken d-yusa di lmedheb akatuliki “ur izmir ara wemdan ad ibu ayen issemlal ebbi” [Inğil Mata , Ia, 13]

3. Tiwsatin n Berru:

a) Berru n tuγalin: Yettil-id s yiwet n tikelt, izmer wergaz ad yuγal γer tmeut-is di tallit n lεidda-nes (aludet-ines) , u seg izuraf-is:

*Asenγes n tikkal n berru.

*Tiγimit n tmeut tallit n waludet (lεidda): Ad teqim tmeut talit-agi deg wexxam-is ur tetteffeγ ara ama s lebγi-is ne melba, imi d-yenna ebbi sebanu: «a yamazzan, ma tebram i tilawin(-nwen), brut-asent s lεidda-nsent u esbet lεidda, ugadet Allah ebbi-nwen u ur tent-sufuγet ara alama xedment tawaγit meqren tigi d tilisa n Allah, win ieken tilisa n Allah atan ilem iman-is., ur teri, ahat sin akin yella kra ixeddem ebbi.» [Aalaq1]

* Yewwi-d γef wergaz ad ieef γef tmeut-is.

*Ma yemmut yiwen seg-sen izmer waye ad t-yewet.

*Yettwagdel γef walbaε ad yexeb ti n yellan di lεidda ama s wudem usrid neγ s uwehhi.

*Yesεa wergaz azref ad yer tameut-is mebla leεqed amaynut d tuččit.

b)Berru issebεaden «alaq Ba-in»: Lant deg-s snat n tewsatin :

* Berru isebεaden asebεed amecu: Ma s-ibru wergaz i tmeut-is (tikelt tamenzut) ur tt-yerri ara send ad tekfu lεida-ines,  berru seld «Al fatia» send tiddin, neγ ma s- tefk tmeut i wergaz idrimen akken ad s-yebru.

*Berru issebεaden bla tuγalin: Yettili-d ma yebru wergaz i tmeut-is kad n tikkal, dagi ur yezmir ara ad tt-id-yer ala ma tezweğ d wergaz nniven zwağ isean sakin ad d-bru neγ ad teğğel u ad tezri tallit n lεidda-nes. Inna-d ebbi sebanu : « U ma yebra-yas ur yezmir ara ad yuγal γues alama yuγ-itt wergaz nnien .ma yebra-yas ulac fell-asen aγilif ma myuγalen ma walan ad qadren tilas n Allah, Tidak d tilisa n ebbi iskan-itent i wegdud yessnen ». [Al Baqara 230].

4.  Berru asunni d win ixulfen ssuna:

Berru asunni: D win isean iddan d ssunna n umazzan fellas taallit n ebbi dslam-is:

- Di berru-agi ilaq γef wargaz ad yini awal n “berru” yiwet n tikkelt di diwen n udag.

- Ilaq ad tili tmeut zeddiget (mači di tallit n tarda-nes) u ad yili wergaz ur tt-iqerreb ara ur gan ara assaγ n tuzzuft).

Berru ixulfen ssuna: D win ixan i wayen d-yusan di tceεit tineslemt am ad yebru wergaz u tmeut-is aas n tikkal deg yiwen wadeg neγ ad s-yebru di tallit n tarda-nes neγ ma tili d timnifrit.

5. Tiwtitilin a yeğğen berru ad yili d win iean:

Ilaq ad yebru wergaz itmeut-is s lebγi-s u s leεqel-is akken ilaq ad yili berru d assunni mači d win ixan i wayen d-yusan di tceεit tineslemt am:

- Berru abidεi.

-Berru n win ittuettmen imi d-yenna umazzan fellas taallit n ebbi d slam-is: (Atan Allah sebanu issuref i tegrumma-w ayen i deg falin d ttutut d wayen i γef ttuettmen) [Issawe-it-id Muslim.]

- Win tuza twaγit meqren.

-  Win iseken.

-  Win s-yebran s leγla.

-  Win yebran i tmeut-is mi yerfa aas sakin ad yendem.

-  Win ur nessin ara awalen n berru.

-  Win a yebrun I tmeut-is s uqesse: nnan-d kra imusnawen ad yeru berru γas s uqesse i t-id yenna walbaε imi d-yenna ebbi sebanu:

« Ur d-iqqar kra n wawal melba ma yella γurs uεessas imelles» [Qaf 18], akken daγen d-yenna umazzan felas raallit n ebbi d slam-is: (kad n temsal tidett-nsent d tidett u aqesse-nsent d tidett: berru, zwağ d uslelli)  [Issawe-it-id Annasa-i].

Nnan-d imusnawen nnien d akken ma ur yesεa ara wergaz tidmi akken a s-yebru i tmeut-is, ur d-ittili ara berru imi d-yenna umazzan fellas taallit n ebbi d slam-is: (Imahilen s tidmiwin (nniyat)…..)  [Issawe-it-id Muslim].

6.  Awalen n Berru:

a) Awal aflalay: d awal i d-yessawaen srid anamek n berru.

b) Awal isεan uger n unamek: d awal i yezmren ad isεu aas inumak, d tidmi n wargaz ad tt-ifrun ma d-yili berru neγ ala.

7.  Talγiwin n berru:

a)  Talγa yis i d-erru  berru deg umatu  srid ma d-yini wergaz awal n berru.

b)  Talγa yernan γer wakud: Talγa n berru tcud γer kra n wakud ur d ierru ara berru ala yewe-ed wakud-nni.

c)  Talγa icudden γer kra n tewtilt: Ad yili berru ma tera-d kra n tewtilt.

II Asefsex n wassaγ n zwağ s “Al xulε”:

1.TAbadut n Al xulε: d asefsex n zzwağ s usuter n tmeut u yewwi-d fellas ad s-terr tuččit-is. Inna-d Ibn ucd deg wedlis-is “Bidayat Al muğtahid”: [Al xulε d berru ara d-te tmeut s weγram ara tefk i wergaz-is].

2.El xulε di tmuγli n cceε: Al xulε d ayen ittusurfen i tlawin akken ad t-sutrent ma yella tuγal tudert ger-asen d awezγi.

Inna-d ebbi sebanu: «u ma tugadem ur tettqadaem ara tilas n ebbi, ulac fell-asen aγilif ma terra-yas i wergaz tuččit-is, tidak d tilisa n Allah ur tent-ttezgalet ara. Win ara izeglen tilas n ebbi atan d widak i d iruγdimen» [Al Baqara].

3.Tiwtilin si d-ieu lxulε:

- Ilaq ad ilin-t tmenal n usuter n lxulε d tid yeqbel ddin d laεqel.

- Ad tefk tmeut i wergaz-is azal n tuččit-is kan, ur trennu ara γef aya ala ma tebγa, u ad teqqim tallit n lεidda yiwen n “lqu-e” (lqu-e d tallit n tarda γer ianafiyen d ienbaliyen, u d tallit n tezdeg γer imalikiyen d icafiεiyen).

Lxulε amezwaru di lislam yella-d sγur abiba Bint Sahl Al anari Tameut n Tabit Bnu Qays Bnu Cemmas, asmi tu γer umazan fell-as taallit n ebbi d slam-is tenna-yas: (wellah ma sukeseγ-as-d di ttebga-s wala di ddin-is maca ugadeγ ad kefaγ di lislam), inna-y-as Umazan fell-as taallit n ebbi d slam-is: (ad s-terre tibirt-is?), tenna-y-as: ( ih ). Dγa yeba ger-asen u yenna-y-as i Tabit: (bru-y-as) [Issawe-it-id Ibn Mağğa].

III Asefsex n wassaγ n zwağ s webrid n ceε:

Izmer lqai ad isebru tameut seg wergaz-is ma tessuter nettat a-y-agi, u ma yekem lqai s berru-is atan ad tebru, imi netta d bab n udabu amatu di tlisa n tmena-is. U timenal n berru s webrid n ceε d tigi:

1.Afraγ (lexas): izemren ad yili di tfekka neγ di leεqel n wergaz.

2.Ma ur tt-ittεeggic ara wergaz-is s wayen i wumi yezmer u akken yuzzel di tmetti.

3.Leγyab γezzifen n wergaz neγ aεraq-is: Llan imusnawen i d-innan d akken tallit n leγyab ad tawe ukuz (4) iseggasen akken i d-inna Σuma Ibn Al xeab, llan wiya i d-yennan yiwen useggas-kan; ma d win iεerqen d win ur rin ara ma yemmut neγ idder, ad teju tmeut uku n iseggasen akken i d-nnan tugett imusnawen  sa kin ad iffeγ uccereγ s tmettan-is dγa ad teju tmeut tallit n lεidda n tuğla (uku n waguren d mraw wussan).

4.er meqren: ama s erregmat d ucemmet neγ s tyitwin meqren.

IV. Imeskar ittağğan berru ad d-yeru:

1.Tiğğin n webrid n ebbi: Ama sγur wergaz d tmeut di sin, neγ yiwen deg-sen.

2.Yir afran: Imi tazwara yelhan tgellu-d s tagara ilhan, ma d yir tazwara tettawi-d yir tagara, u yuγ lal isken-aγ-d Umazzan fell-as taallit n ebbi d slam-is tiwtilin n wefran ama d argaz neγ n tmeut, imi d-yenna: (Yettaγ wergaz tameut γef uku n temsal: Cci-y-is, imawlan-is, zzin-is, d ddin-is, ihi awit tadeyyanit ad tγeltem) [Issawe-it-id Muslim]. Inna-d daγen deg wefran n wergaz: ( Ma yusa-ken-d yiwen yelha ddin-is d ttbga-s γas efket-as yellit-wen ma ulac ad tili lfetna d uswiγi meqren di lqaεa) [Issawe-it-id Muslim a Ibnu Mağğa].

3.Astehzi deg yetfaren: Ama d argaz deg yetfaren n tmeîtut-is neγ tameut ad testehzi deg itfaren n wergaz-is

4.Ma argaz d tmeut ur d-myezgan ara: Meslayen-d imusnawen γef umyezgi ger wergaz d tmeut ama deg weswir n tudert, ddin, idles...

5.Tanezduγt d imawlan n wergaz: Seknen-ed kra n tezrawin tatrarin belli ittili-d berru s sebba n umgarad ger tmeut d imawlan n wergaz-is imi zedγen deg yiwen wexxam.

6.Leqdic n tmeut bea n wexxam: Aya izmer ad d-yeglu s kra n wuguren am ustehzi n tmeut deg wexxam-is, neγ amennuγ γef tjarnat-is.

7.Tiğğin n tmeut i tγara-is tamsuntit: u tettnadi ad teef amiq n wergaz u ad terke fell-as

8.Amgared ger wergaz d tmeut di tmuγli-nsen γer tudert.

9.Tamenilt n tdamsa: ama d tigellelt neγ tineflit.

10.Ameskar n tteebga: Imi imenzayen d ttebga ilhan simmal ttuun si tmetti-nneγ.

V. Ayen is d-igellu berru:

1.  Γer twacult: D tarwa i yettaγen tiyita meqren si berru n imawlan-nsen imi ayagi igellu-d s umener-nsen deg ibardan u ad ten-yeğ ad aγen  yir abrid.

2.  Γer tmetti: Agzam n wassaγen ger twaculin ittağa-d acerreg ula di tmetti.

VI. Amek a nefru ugur n berru:

1.  Send arcal:

· Afran igerzen ama n wergaz neγ n tmeut.

· Anadi n tmusni taceεit d tin n tillawt deg wayen yeεnan tudert n zwağ.

2.  Seld Arcal (zwağ):

· Tuγalin γer tceεit n ebbi di yal ugur ar ad d-yilin ger wergaz d tmeut, « Ala s ebbi-k ur tteflasen ara alamma szerfen-k deg wyen i deg mgaraden, sakin ur ttafen ara deg wulawen-nsen aγilif deg wayen tccerγe…» [Annisa-e, 65].

·Tuγalin γer iwellihen n umazzan fellas taallit n ebbi dslam-is di yal uguren imi wigi d imedyaten i ilaq a nawi di maa tudert-nneγ:

U ger yerisen ittwellihen irgazen: (Ur ilaq ara γγef ufelsan ad iγuc tafelsant imi ma yekeh deg-s kra n tebiεt ad yeqbel taye) [Issawe-it-id Attirmidi.]

(Ili-ken d irufiyen d tlawin) [Mtawan fell-as].

(Ufrin deg-wen d win yelhan d tmeut-is u nek lhiγ uger nwen γer tilawin-iw). [Issawe-it-id Muslim.]

Ma d laêadut ittwellihen tilawin: (Kra n tmeut ar a yemten u argaz-is isgiwen (ife) yis ad tekcem γer lğennet) [Issawe-it-id Annasa-i]

(Ur tetteg ara tmeut azref n ebbi ala ma tega izerfan n wergaz-is). [Issawe-it-id Abu Dawud] 

uγal